Yes, very good tip but unfortunately no success yet.
It is actually a computer with an Nvidia Geforce GTX 750.
The error occurs after the update with kernel 6.7.12-1. I also have 6.1.90-1 available in the GRUB menu and 5.15.158-1.
Thanks to your tip, I tried one of them and the PC actually started with it and I was already happy. Before I could make any changes to the system, I was interrupted in my work due to urgent activities and shut down the computer without making any changes.
Unfortunately, the PC does not start (anymore) even with the alternative kernels. I have tried it several times but the PC hangs there too (only the big logo is displayed)